lemmy/docker/prod/nginx.conf

# nginx example config
# replace {{yourdomain}} and review the certbot/letsencrypt config
worker_processes 1;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit:10m rate=1r/s;

    upstream lemmy {
        # this needs to map to the lemmy (server) docker service hostname
        server "lemmy:8536";
    }
    upstream lemmy-ui {
        # this needs to map to the lemmy-ui docker service hostname
        server "lemmy-ui:1234";
    }

    server {
        # allow letsencrypt challenge
        # redirect everything else to 443
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        server_name {{yourdomain}};
        location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
            root /var/www/certbot;
        }
        location / {
            return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
        }
    }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name {{yourdomain}};

        ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/{{yourdomain}}/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/{{yourdomain}}/privkey.pem;

        # Various TLS hardening settings
        # https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/Strong_SSL_Security_On_nginx.html
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256';
        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
        ssl_session_tickets on;
        ssl_stapling on;
        ssl_stapling_verify on;

        # Hide nginx version
        server_tokens off;

        # Enable compression for JS/CSS/HTML bundle, for improved client load times.
        # It might be nice to compress JSON, but leaving that out to protect against potential
        # compression+encryption information leak attacks like BREACH.
        gzip on;
        gzip_types text/css application/javascript image/svg+xml;
        gzip_vary on;

        # Only connect to this site via HTTPS for the two years
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000";

        # Various content security headers
        add_header Referrer-Policy "same-origin";
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
        add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY";
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";

        # Upload limit for pictrs
        client_max_body_size 20M;

        # frontend
        location / {
            # distinguish between ui requests and backend
            # don't change lemmy-ui or lemmy here, they refer to the upstream definitions on top
            set $proxpass "http://lemmy-ui";

            if ($http_accept = "application/activity+json") {
                set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            if ($http_accept = "application/ld+json; profile=\"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams\"") {
                set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            if ($request_method = POST) {
                set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
            }
            proxy_pass $proxpass;

            rewrite ^(.+)/+$ $1 permanent;

            # Send actual client IP upstream
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        # backend
        location ~ ^/(api|feeds|nodeinfo|.well-known) {
            proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

            # Rate limit
            limit_req zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit burst=30 nodelay;

            # Add IP forwarding headers
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        # pictrs only - for adding browser cache control.
        location ~ ^/(pictrs) {
            # allow browser cache, images never update, we can apply long term cache
            expires 120d;
            add_header Pragma "public";
            add_header Cache-Control "public";

            proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

            # Rate limit
            limit_req zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit burst=30 nodelay;

            # Add IP forwarding headers
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }

        # Redirect pictshare images to pictrs
        location ~ /pictshare/(.*)$ {
            return 301 /pictrs/image/$1;
        }
    }

    # Anonymize IP addresses
    # https://www.supertechcrew.com/anonymizing-logs-nginx-apache/
    map $remote_addr $remote_addr_anon {
        ~(?P<ip>\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\.    $ip.0;
        ~(?P<ip>[^:]+:[^:]+):       $ip::;
        127.0.0.1                   $remote_addr;
        ::1                         $remote_addr;
        default                     0.0.0.0;
    }
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log combined;
}